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Recent progress in bioactive gas delivery for cancer immunotherapy

Yang Liu1, Tiandong Chen1, Ning Gu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China.

Progress in Biomedical Engineering (Bristol, England)
|November 25, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Bioactive gases like nitric oxide show promise for cancer immunotherapy by activating the immune system. Ultrasound-enhanced delivery of these gases to tumors offers a potential strategy for improved cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cancer immunotherapy leverages the host immune system for tumor elimination.
  • Bioactive gases (nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide) are emerging as novel immunotherapeutic agents.
  • Targeting the tumor microenvironment is crucial for effective cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current strategies for antitumor immunotherapy using bioactive gas molecules.
  • To summarize the biofunctions of bioactive gases and their delivery via nanocarriers.
  • To explore ultrasound-assisted gas delivery for enhanced immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of bioactive gas-based antitumor immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of gas delivery nanocarriers for targeted delivery.
  • Discussion of ultrasound-responsive gas delivery systems.

Main Results:

  • Bioactive gases modulate immune responses against tumors.
  • Nanocarriers provide effective delivery of bioactive gases to the tumor microenvironment.
  • Ultrasound-assisted delivery enhances the efficacy of gas-based immunotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Bioactive gas delivery represents a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
  • Ultrasound-enhanced delivery offers a potential pathway for improved therapeutic outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges and explore clinical applications.
Keywords:
bioactive gasgasotransmitterimmune therapytumor therapyultrasound

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