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Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
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Lifting the veil: probing altered visual perception in derealization.

Anikó Kusztor1, Nirmitee Mulay2,3,4, Makiko Yamada5,6,7,8

  • 1School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 35 Rainforest Walk, Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.

Neuroscience of Consciousness
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Summary

Depersonalization/derealization (DP/DR) symptoms do not alter visual perception. This study found no evidence that DP/DR affects how individuals rate or adjust image realism, suggesting altered experiences are cognitive, not perceptual.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Depersonalization/derealization (DP/DR) involves altered subjective experiences of reality.
  • Derealization is characterized by detachment from the environment and altered visual perception.
  • Empirical investigation into genuine perceptual changes during derealization is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential genuine perceptual changes associated with depersonalization/derealization (DP/DR) symptoms.
  • To determine if DP/DR symptoms impact the evaluation and adjustment of visual stimuli.
  • To test the hypothesis that altered vividness in derealization reflects cognitive interpretation rather than perceptual alteration.

Main Methods:

  • Two online experiments were conducted using naturalistic scene images with varying saturation and contrast.
  • Participants (N=200 in Exp 1, N=125 in Exp 2) completed the state version of the Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale (CDS).
  • Experiment 1 assessed subjective realness ratings; Experiment 2 involved adjusting image contrast/saturation to match personal experience. Bayesian model comparison was used.

Main Results:

  • Both experiments provided strong evidence supporting null models.
  • DP/DR symptoms, measured by CDS-state scores, did not significantly affect realness ratings of images.
  • DP/DR symptoms did not influence the adjustment of image saturation or contrast to match everyday visual experience.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that subjective experiences of altered vividness in derealization are not due to genuine perceptual changes.
  • Results support theories positing that derealization involves (meta-)cognitive interpretations rather than direct perceptual alterations.
  • The study highlights the need for careful research practices in assessing derealization and suggests future research directions.