Complications and Treatment Challenges After Metallic Airway Stenting in a 10-Year-Old Child With a Malignant...

A 10-year-old patient underwent metallic stent implantation in the trachea and right main bronchus for tracheal stenosis caused by extramural compression from a posterior mediastinal malignant rhabdoid tumour. Following chemoradiotherapy, the tumour entered remission. One year and 6 months after stent placement, refractory granulation tissue formed in the tracheal stent. The stent was removed using a rigid bronchoscope under general anaesthesia with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to prevent granulation recurrence. Thereafter, no recurrence of granulation occurred in the tracheal stent within 2 years; however, refractory granulation developed in the right main bronchial stent. Removal of the right main bronchial stent was considered. However, as sputum frequently adhered to the retention suture of the stent, the retention suture was removed using a flexible bronchoscope. Since then, there has been no granulation for more than 10 months.