Noncoding RNA molecules mediating skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and their potential applications in exercise...

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Exercise Physiology
• Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

• Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression.
• Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in various metabolic and age-related diseases.
• Skeletal muscle mitochondria play a key role in energy metabolism and overall health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the role of ncRNAs in skeletal muscle mitochondrial regulation.
• To explore the impact of exercise on ncRNA expression and mitochondrial function.
• To identify potential applications of ncRNAs in exercise molecular physiology and disease treatment.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.
• Inclusion of 45 relevant studies from 2,378 records.
• Analysis of ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, involved in mitochondrial processes.

Main Results:

• Specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-133a, miR-696) and lncRNAs significantly regulate mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and mitophagy.
• Exercise interventions modulate ncRNA expression, enhancing mitochondrial function.
• Identified ncRNAs show potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for mitochondrial disorders.

Conclusions:

• ncRNAs are key players in skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptation to exercise.
• Targeting ncRNAs may offer novel therapeutic strategies for metabolic and mitochondrial diseases.
• Further research on muscle-specific and exercise-modality-specific ncRNA effects is warranted for personalized interventions.