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Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Fabrication of Silica Ultra High Quality Factor Microresonators
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Ultra high-Q tunable microring resonators enabled by slow light.

Priyash Barya1,2, Ashwith Prabhu3, Laura Heller1,2

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.

Nature Communications
|November 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers enhanced nanophotonic resonator quality factors by nearly three orders of magnitude using spectral hole burning in erbium-doped lithium niobate. This breakthrough enables ultra-high Q-factors for advanced optical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanophotonics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • High-Q nanophotonic resonators are essential for optical processing, communication, and sensing.
  • Existing methods for achieving ultra-high quality factors were limited to bulk systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the quality factor (Q-factor) of nanophotonic resonators using a novel approach.
  • To demonstrate dynamic control over resonator resonances.
  • To develop a theoretical model for observed resonator linewidths.

Main Methods:

  • Implementing spectral hole burning in erbium-doped thin-film lithium niobate microring resonators.
  • Utilizing a highly transparent and strongly dispersive medium to reduce group velocity.
  • Applying electro-optic tuning for dynamic control.

Main Results:

  • Achieved Q-factors exceeding 108, an enhancement of nearly three orders of magnitude.
  • Demonstrated dynamic control of resonator resonances.
  • Observed a dramatic reduction in erbium dephasing rate under optical drive, leading to narrower linewidths.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully adapted a bulk system technique to nanophotonic resonators, achieving unprecedented Q-factors.
  • The findings pave the way for advanced classical and quantum optical devices.
  • A new theoretical model accurately describes the observed resonator linewidths, accounting for reduced dephasing rates.