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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
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Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

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Secure image encryption using a 4D chaotic system and Langton's ant cellular automaton.

Hamdan Alshehri1

  • 1Department of Computer Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. halshehri@jazanu.edu.sa.

Scientific Reports
|November 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel image cipher using chaos theory and cellular automata for secure, efficient, and structure-adaptive multimedia transfer. This lossless method offers high resistance to attacks and noise, ensuring data integrity in high-rate transfers.

Keywords:
Cellular automataChaotic systemsImage encryptionLangton’s AntSymbolic diffusion

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Cryptography
  • Information Security

Background:

  • High-rate multimedia transfer demands lossless, efficient, and adaptive image ciphers.
  • Traditional methods like block ciphers and ad hoc chaos-based systems have limitations in handling spatial image data and security mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel keyed image cipher addressing the limitations of existing methods.
  • To integrate a four-dimensional (4D) chaotic driver with a rule-adaptive Langton's Ant cellular automaton for enhanced image encryption.

Main Methods:

  • The cipher employs pixel permutation, mutually inverse decimal diffusions with cross-channel feedback, and a unique symbolic diffusion stage.
  • Symbolic diffusion encodes bytes into Ant symbols using keystream- and rule-dependent operators, featuring provable bijectivity and an explicit inverse.

Main Results:

  • The cipher passed NIST SP 800-22 statistical tests, demonstrating high performance in terms of NPCR, UACI, and Shannon entropy.
  • It exhibits negligible adjacent-pixel correlations, high key sensitivity, and robustness against 20% noise and occlusion.
  • The large key space (~2^128) provides strong resistance to brute-force attacks.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed image cipher is lossless, computationally efficient, and structure-adaptive, suitable for high-rate multimedia transfer.
  • Its novel integration of chaotic dynamics and cellular automata offers provable security properties and practical performance advantages.