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Gender and the Economic Consequences of Divorce in the United States: Variation by Race and Ethnicity.

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Divorce significantly impacts economic well-being, with women consistently faring worse than men. Race and ethnicity further compound these economic consequences, especially for Black women.

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Economics
  • Gender Studies

Background:

  • Traditional gender roles in labor contribute to women's economic vulnerability post-divorce.
  • Intersectional frameworks highlight how race/ethnicity and gender inequality shape economic outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the intersectional effects of race/ethnicity and gender on the economic consequences of divorce.
  • To examine short-term economic impacts of marital disruption across racial/ethnic and gender groups.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 28 waves of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79).
  • Conducted descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable analyses.
  • Focused on non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white women and men.

Main Results:

  • Economic consequences of divorce differ significantly by race/ethnicity and gender.
  • All women experienced worse post-divorce economic well-being and status changes compared to men.
  • Black and Hispanic men, and all women groups, fared worse economically than white men; Black women faced the most economic precarity.

Conclusions:

  • Marital disruption has varied economic consequences influenced by intersecting race/ethnicity and gender dynamics.
  • Addressing systemic inequalities is crucial to mitigate the disproportionate economic hardship faced by women, particularly women of color, after divorce.