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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
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Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

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Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Using 2-Photon Microscopy to Quantify the Effects of Chronic Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Glomerular Processes
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Improving Frozen Kidney Biopsy Interpretation Using DUET-Generated Virtual PAS Stains.

Kuang-Yu Jen, Willy Ju, Srishti Seth

    Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
    |November 26, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Virtual Periodic acid-Schiff (vPAS) stains improve pathologist consistency in assessing donor kidney viability from frozen biopsies. This method enhances evaluation of interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy and inflammation, aiding transplant decisions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Pathology
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Standard Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining of frozen donor kidney biopsies faces challenges like freezing artifacts and limited pathologist expertise.
    • Current methods lack rapid, cost-effective ways to generate virtual special stains for quantifying histopathological features in frozen sections.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the utility of DUET-generated virtual Periodic acid-Schiff (vPAS) stains for assessing donor kidney viability using frozen biopsies.
    • To compare pathologist diagnostic consistency using H&E alone versus H&E combined with vPAS stains.

    Main Methods:

    • DUET software generated vPAS stains by combining brightfield and fluorescence images from H&E-stained frozen kidney biopsies.
    • Renal and general pathologists assessed interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IF/TA), inflammation, and arteriosclerosis on 29 kidney biopsies.
    • Evaluations were compared between H&E images alone and H&E with vPAS images.

    Main Results:

    • Pathologist consistency (ICC scores) improved for IF/TA percentage, inflammation percentage, and arteriosclerosis number when using vPAS stains.
    • Renal pathologists also showed improved consistency for sclerotic glomeruli percentage.
    • No improvement was observed for arteriolar hyalinosis assessment.

    Conclusions:

    • Virtual PAS stains on frozen kidney biopsies enhance inter-pathologist consistency for key viability metrics compared to H&E alone.
    • This technique has the potential to reduce diagnostic variability and improve donor kidney utilization and transplant decision-making.