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Related Concept Videos

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Hemoperfusion and Hemofiltration01:25

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Hemoperfusion and Hemofiltration

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Hemoperfusion and hemofiltration are critical techniques in medical treatments to eliminate accumulated drugs, metabolites, and electrolytes from the bloodstream. These methods are particularly vital in cases of accidental poisoning and drug overdose.Hemoperfusion involves passing blood through an adsorbent material to remove unwanted substances. The main adsorbents used in hemoperfusion include activated charcoal and Amberlite resins. Activated charcoal can adsorb both polar and nonpolar...
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Enhanced Elimination of Poison01:26

Enhanced Elimination of Poison

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Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
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Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Secretion01:15

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Once the process of glomerular filtration is completed, blood carrying unfiltered drug molecules traverses through efferent arterioles and makes its way into the peritubular capillaries in the proximal tubule. A variety of carriers play a pivotal role in actively secreting drugs from these peritubular capillaries into the tubular fluid. The organic anion transporter transfers acidic drugs, against an electrochemical gradient, from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubule cells and...
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Drug Distribution: Plasma Protein Binding01:29

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Drugs predominantly attach to plasma proteins, with only a small percentage remaining unbound. The unbound portion can be calculated as one minus the bound fraction. Acidic drugs form large, inactive complexes by reversibly binding to plasma albumin, which prevents them from diffusing across biological barriers. These drug-protein complexes act as reservoirs for the drugs. As the concentration of unbound drugs decreases, these complexes quickly dissociate to release the free drug, maintaining...
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Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis01:30

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Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or those experiencing drug overdose often require extracorporeal methods to eliminate accumulated drugs and metabolites. Hemoperfusion, hemofiltration, and dialysis are the primary techniques to rapidly remove harmful substances without disrupting the patient's fluid and electrolyte balance. For those with compromised renal function, dosage adjustments of concurrent medications may be necessary during extracorporeal drug removal.Dialysis is a process...
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Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Reabsorption01:22

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During the process of renal excretion, as the glomerular filtrate progresses to the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), drugs that are highly permeable, lipophilic, and nonionized undergo passive reabsorption from the tubular fluid into the surrounding peritubular capillaries. This reabsorption process restricts their elimination through the kidneys. However, the majority of drugs are either weak acids or weak bases, and their ionization level is dependent on pH. By altering the pH of urine, the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Preparation and Pathogen Inactivation of Double Dose Buffy Coat Platelet Products using the INTERCEPT Blood System
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Compound adsorption device in pathogen reduction technology removes multiple drugs from plasma components.

Briana Greenwall1, Kathryn Reeder1, Waseem Qais Anani1,2

  • 1ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Transfusion
|November 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The INTERCEPT Blood System’s compound adsorption device effectively removed testosterone and common medications from plasma. This suggests a potential to reduce drug contamination and reconsider donor deferral policies.

Keywords:
CADPRTcompound adsorption devicedonor medicationspathogen reductionplasma donation

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Blood donor eligibility criteria may exclude individuals based on medication use, potentially limiting the donor pool.
  • Current donor health questionnaires may not fully capture all prescribed medications, leading to potential risks in blood products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of the compound adsorption device (CAD) in the INTERCEPT Blood System Pathogen Reduction Technology (PRT) for plasma.
  • To assess the removal of exogenous testosterone and specific FDA-listed drugs from plasma using CAD.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma from donors on testosterone replacement therapy or supplemented with apixaban and emtricitabine/tenofovir was treated with INTERCEPT PRT (amotosalen and CAD steps).
  • Quantitative assays measured drug concentrations before and after CAD treatment.
  • Statistical analysis included Wilcoxon signed-rank test and one-way ANOVA.

Main Results:

  • CAD reduced free and total testosterone by 75% and 74%, respectively.
  • Apixaban was removed below the limit of detection.
  • Emtricitabine and tenofovir concentrations decreased by 100% and 98%, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • The INTERCEPT PRT CAD effectively removes various drug classes from plasma.
  • This technology shows potential for mitigating drug contamination in transfusable plasma.
  • Findings may support revising medication-based donor deferrals to balance donor safety and product efficacy.