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Development of Bioactive Niobium Oxalate-Based Desensitizer: Permeability and Formation of Nanoprecursors
Luanna Marinho Sereno Nery Saldanha1, Paulo Vitor Campos Ferreira1, Felipe Silva Gomes2
1Dentistry Biomaterials Laboratory (Biomma), Postgraduate Program in Dentistry at the Federal University of Maranhão (PPGO-UFMA), Zip Code 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil.
Abstract:
To evaluate the obliteration of dentinal tubules by experimental pastes with different concentrations of niobium oxalate compared to commercial pastes. Experimental pastes were synthesized from mixtures of different concentrations of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and ammonium niobium oxalate. Twenty-five dentin discs, each 1.5 mm thick, were obtained from molars and divided into five experimental groups (n=5): 1) Oxagel (Kota, Brazil); 2) Desensibilize KF 2% (FGM, Brazil); 3) Paste with 5% niobium oxalate (wt%); 4) Paste with 10% niobium oxalate; 5) Paste with 20% niobium oxalate. The pastes were applied, and initial permeability readings were taken immediately, as well as at 7, 14, and 21 days. Measurements were made using the THDO3d device (Odeme, Brazil). Scanning electron microscopy images and analysis of precipitate formation were performed after 21 days (SEM/EDS). The commercial groups showed a greater reduction in Lp (hydraulic conductance) after 7 days, which remained constant until 21 days. The experimental groups, regardless of concentration, showed a high reduction in permeability immediately. SEM images revealed the formation of a thick layer composed of precipitate and the successive application of the material for all experimental groups. Niobium oxalate pastes are capable of significantly reducing dentinal permeability in both the short and long term, regardless of the concentration applied.
Insights
Niobium oxalate pastes effectively seal dentinal tubules, significantly reducing hydraulic conductance. These experimental pastes offer a promising solution for dentin hypersensitivity, showing immediate and long-term efficacy.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Materials Science
- Biomaterials
Background:
- Dentin hypersensitivity is a common clinical condition.
- Obliteration of dentinal tubules is a key mechanism for reducing dentin permeability.
- Niobium oxalate is explored as a potential agent for tubule occlusion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of experimental niobium oxalate pastes in obliterating dentinal tubules.
- To compare the tubule-obliterating effect of niobium oxalate pastes with commercial desensitizing agents.
- To assess the impact of different niobium oxalate concentrations on dentin permeability.
Main Methods:
- Experimental pastes with varying niobium oxalate concentrations (5%, 10%, 20%) were synthesized.
- Dentin discs were treated with experimental and commercial pastes (Oxagel, Desensibilize KF 2%).
- Hydraulic conductance (Lp) was measured at intervals (0, 7, 14, 21 days) using the THDO3d device.
- Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analyzed precipitate formation.
Main Results:
- All experimental niobium oxalate pastes demonstrated immediate and significant reduction in hydraulic conductance.
- Commercial pastes showed a delayed but sustained reduction in hydraulic conductance after 7 days.
- SEM/EDS analysis confirmed the formation of a thick precipitate layer occluding dentinal tubules in experimental groups.
Conclusions:
- Niobium oxalate pastes are highly effective in reducing dentinal tubule permeability.
- The desensitizing effect is achieved rapidly and maintained over time, irrespective of niobium oxalate concentration.
- Niobium oxalate represents a promising compound for developing novel dentin sealing agents.
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