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Area of Science:

  • Pain Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Nociplastic pain is defined as pain arising from altered nociception, not fully explained by nociceptive or neuropathic mechanisms.
  • It represents a third mechanistic pain descriptor alongside nociceptive and neuropathic pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize and extend discussions on nociplastic pain from the European Pain Federation EFIC conference.
  • To address controversies and clarify the concept of nociplastic pain.

Main Methods:

  • Summary and extension of discussions from a main session at the European Pain Federation EFIC conference.
  • Analysis of existing concepts and terms related to nociplastic pain.

Main Results:

  • Nociplastic pain is not synonymous with chronic primary pain or central sensitization.
  • The term 'nociplastic' and its diagnostic criteria, particularly the exclusion of other pain types, have been questioned.
  • Fibromyalgia syndrome is not exclusively a nociplastic pain condition.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to refine criteria for nociplastic pain.
  • Development of treatment guidelines based on the three pain types is essential.
  • Unifying concepts across somatic, psychosocial, and pain medicine is a future task.