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Surface Roughness and Microbial Adhesion on Four Provisional Prosthodontic Restorative Materials.

Ola Al Hatem1, Joe C Ontiveros1, Donald M Belles1

  • 1Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Zirconium oxide and milled poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) show superior surface properties and reduced microbial adhesion compared to other provisional materials. These findings support their use in long-term provisional restorations for improved clinical outcomes.

Keywords:
dimethacrylatepoly (methyl methacrylate)zirconium oxide

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Materials Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Provisional prosthodontic materials are crucial for temporary restorations.
  • Surface properties and microbial adhesion influence the longevity and success of dental restorations.
  • Understanding material behavior is key to preventing secondary infections and complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare surface roughness (Ra) and microbial adhesion of four provisional prosthodontic materials against zirconium oxide.
  • To assess the suitability of different provisional materials for long-term use based on their surface characteristics and microbial resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Four provisional materials (PMMA, Bis-acryl, 3D-printed resin, milled PMMA) and zirconium oxide were tested.
  • Surface roughness (Ra) was measured using a digital profilometer after standardized polishing.
  • Microbial adhesion of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans was quantified using colony-forming units (CFU) after incubation.

Main Results:

  • Zirconium oxide exhibited the lowest surface roughness and significantly reduced microbial adhesion (p < 0.001).
  • Milled PMMA showed significantly lower roughness and microbial adhesion than conventional PMMA (p < 0.001).
  • Bis-acryl and 3D-printed resins demonstrated higher microbial retention, suggesting potential limitations for extended use.

Conclusions:

  • Zirconia and milled PMMA offer superior surface properties and reduced microbial adhesion, making them suitable for long-term provisional restorations.
  • Conventional PMMA, bis-acryl, and 3D-printed resins may be less ideal for extended provisional use due to higher microbial retention.
  • Material selection based on these findings can enhance clinical outcomes, with a need for further in vivo validation.