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Thermal BCS-BEC Crossovers in Finite Systems.

Angelo Plastino1, Flavia Pennini2,3, Victor Apel2

  • 1Instituto de Física La Plata-CCT-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, C.C. 727, La Plata 1900, Argentina.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Temperature alone can drive a crossover from Cooper pairs to dimers in a finite-size quantum model. This finding offers new insights into thermal fluctuations and quantum pairing phenomena.

Keywords:
BCS-BEC crossoverSU(2) × SU(2) modelfermionic pairing correlationsfinite-size systemsmesoscopic quantum systemsstatistical quantifiersthermal fluctuationsthermodynamic response functions

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Gases
  • Many-Body Physics

Background:

  • The Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) to Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) crossover describes the transition in interacting quantum gases.
  • Conventional BCS-BEC crossover is typically tuned by interaction strength.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the thermal evolution of fermionic pairings in a finite-size SU(2) × SU(2) complex model.
  • Explore temperature as a sole driver for a BCS-like to BEC-like state transition.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an exactly solvable model with a finite number of fermions.
  • Analyzed eigenstate structures, pairing correlations, and thermodynamic response functions.
  • Examined the role of thermal fluctuations and multiplet structures.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that temperature alone can induce a smooth transition from weakly bound Cooper pairs (BCS-like) to tightly bound dimers (BEC-like).
  • Showcased that different multiplet structures, defined by quasi-spin quantum numbers, become thermally accessible.
  • Observed crossover behavior analogous to that in ultracold Fermi gases.

Conclusions:

  • Thermal fluctuations play a significant role in quantum pairing phenomena.
  • Temperature-induced crossover offers alternative routes for exploring crossover physics in mesoscopic and strongly correlated systems.
  • The study provides a novel perspective on controlling quantum states via thermal evolution.