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Unitary Entities Are the True "Atoms".

Chris Jeynes1, Michael Charles Parker2

  • 1Independent Researcher, Tredegar NP22 4LP, UK.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative Geometrical Thermodynamics (QGT) redefines fundamental "atoms" using entropic principles and holographic ideas. This approach explains diverse phenomena from DNA chirality to galactic structure, unifying physics across vast scales.

Keywords:
emergenceentropygeometrical algebrahyperbolic spacemonadreductionism

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Information Theory
  • Cosmology

Background:

  • The concept of fundamental particles (
  • Shannon information, and the holographic principle are key to understanding physical systems.
  • Existing models struggle to unify phenomena across vastly different scales.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Quantitative Geometrical Thermodynamics (QGT) as a new framework for physical science.
  • To demonstrate QGT's ability to describe fundamental entities and complex systems.
  • To review QGT's contributions and its relation to other scientific work.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing entropic Lagrangian-Hamiltonian canonical equations of state.
  • Applying principles of the holographic principle and Shannon information.
  • Employing a logarithmic metric within hyperbolic space, incorporating scale relativity.

Main Results:

  • QGT successfully accounts for the chirality of DNA and stability of Buckminsterfullerene.
  • QGT predicts the size of the alpha particle and the lifetime of the free neutron.
  • QGT explains the shape, structure, and stability of the Milky Way galaxy.

Conclusions:

  • QGT provides a unified physical description for entities across 38 orders of magnitude, treating them as fundamental "atoms".
  • Compound entities can be considered "unitary" under QGT's scale relativity principle when a characteristic size is specified.
  • The entropic nature of QGT necessitates specifying a length scale for defining unitary properties and atomic characteristics.