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A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
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Mediating Similarity: An Information-Theoretic Principle of Reference Behavior.

Qun Zhao1, Menghui Yang2,3, Guojian Xian1

  • 1Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Journals strategically select references to create efficient informational paths, a principle called Mediating Similarity. This optimizes knowledge integration and innovation within the scientific landscape.

Keywords:
Kullback-Leibler divergenceinformation theorymediating similarityreference behaviorscientometrics

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Area of Science:

  • Bibliometrics
  • Information Science
  • Network Science

Background:

  • Information theory quantifies knowledge combinations, but reference selection principles in science are understudied.
  • Journal citation networks offer a large-scale data source to investigate scientific communication strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and empirically validate the "Mediating Similarity" principle in scientific referencing.
  • To analyze how journals use reference lists as strategic cognitive bridges for information dissemination.
  • To explore the mechanisms and universality of this referencing principle.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a large-scale journal citation network.
  • Application of information-theoretic measures and computational experiments.
  • Perturbation experiments to test reference selection mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • The Mediating Similarity principle is universally applicable, showing mediated paths via references are more efficient than direct paths.
  • Reference selection involves a dual mechanism: synergistic optimization and "satisficing" to balance ideal paths with practical constraints.
  • Journals' reference portfolios are not random but strategically curated combinations.

Conclusions:

  • Reference behavior in science is a strategic process of navigating cognitive landscapes.
  • Journals selectively curate references to enhance integrative capacity and innovative potential.
  • The study reframes scientific referencing as a key factor in knowledge discovery and integration.