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Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Root Canal Obturation with Hydraulic Condensation and Tricalcium Silicate
Kostadin Zhekov1, Vesela Stefanova1
1Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Abstract:
Successful endodontic treatment relies on effective shaping, disinfection and obturation. Calcium silicate sealers such as BioRoot™ RCS show promise due to their bioactivity and sealing properties, but more clinical evidence using standardized protocols is needed. This observational clinical study aimed to assess periapical healing at 6 and 12 months following single-visit root canal treatment using BioRoot™ RCS with hydraulic condensation in teeth with irreversible pulpitis or apical periodontitis. Sixty-six teeth were treated using a standardized protocol: ProTaper Gold instrumentation, sonic-activated irrigation, and hydraulic condensation with gutta-percha cone and BioRoot™ RCS. Periapical healing was evaluated using the periapical index (PAI) at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Clinical success was defined as functional, asymptomatic teeth and a PAI ≤ 2. Statistical analysis included repeated measures of ANOVA and McNemar's test. All 66 teeth remained asymptomatic and functional of 12 months, yielding a 100% survival rate. Clinical success was confirmed in 97% of cases. PAI scores decreased significantly over time (p < 0.001) in apical periodontitis cases. Single-visit endodontic treatment with BioRoot™ RCS and hydraulic condensation demonstrated excellent clinical and radiographic outcomes. This approach promotes resolution of apical periodontitis in non-vital cases and supports the preservation of periapical health in teeth initially diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis.
