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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

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Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
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Developing a Salivary Antibody Multiplex Immunoassay to Measure Human Exposure to Environmental Pathogens
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Multiclass Assays for Measuring Environmental Chemical Mixture Exposure: Analytical Methodologies and Applications in

Ravikumar Jagani1, Jasmin Chovatiya1, Divya Pulivarthi1

  • 1Institute for Exposomic Research, Department of Environmental Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Metabolites
|November 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Multiclass assays enable simultaneous measurement of numerous environmental chemicals, crucial for large-scale exposome studies. This advances understanding of chemical exposures and disease prevention.

Keywords:
LC-HRMSLC-MS/MSbiomonitoringchemical exposomeenvironmental contaminantsexposome-wide association studiesmatrix effectsmulticlass assaysmultiple reaction monitoringsolid phase extraction

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health Sciences
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The exposome encompasses all lifetime environmental exposures, significantly impacting health and disease.
  • Traditional single-analyte methods are insufficient for large-scale epidemiological studies of chemical exposures.
  • There is a need for efficient methods to analyze complex chemical mixtures in human biomonitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution and application of multiclass assays for measuring ambient chemical exposure.
  • To emphasize analytical techniques enabling concurrent quantification of diverse chemical classes.
  • To highlight the utility of these methods for exposome-wide association studies.

Main Methods:

  • Consolidation of literature on multiclass analytical methodologies for environmental chemical mixtures.
  • Focus on mass spectrometry, sample preparation, chromatographic separation, and validation strategies.
  • Inclusion of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, solid-phase extraction, and data analysis for targeted and non-targeted studies.

Main Results:

  • Multiclass assays allow simultaneous quantification of compounds from various classes, saving time, cost, and sample volume.
  • Methods demonstrate robustness with high recovery (60-130%), acceptable precision (<30%), and excellent sensitivity (0.015-50 pg/mL detection limits).
  • Over 1000 chemicals and metabolites, including endogenous, food-derived, medicinal, home, environmental, and microbial compounds, can be concurrently identified.

Conclusions:

  • These comprehensive analytical methods meet the performance requirements for large-scale exposome-wide association studies.
  • Quantitative results and identification of unexpected exposures enhance understanding of the chemical exposome.
  • This improved comprehension is vital for advancing public health disease prevention and personalized medicine.