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Invasive Meningococcal Disease in the Post-COVID-19 Era in South America

Marco A P Sáfadi1, Juan Francisco Falconi2, Maria Gabriela Abalos3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Rua Afonso Braz, 579, Cj 45, São Paulo 04511-011, Brazil.

Vaccines
|November 26, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) incidence dropped during COVID-19 in South America, with serogroup B driving post-pandemic increases. Enhanced surveillance and genomic data are crucial for future vaccination strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Reported reductions in respiratory bacterial infections during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Focus on invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) epidemiology in South America.
  • Evaluation during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD).
  • To assess IMD trends in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Colombia.
  • To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on IMD incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Review of meningococcal disease epidemiology.
  • Utilized publicly available national surveillance system databases.
  • Analysis extended through 2023 for selected South American countries.

Main Results:

  • Substantial decrease in IMD incidence in 2020 across Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Colombia.
  • Observed a subsequent trend of increased IMD cases post-pandemic.
  • Serogroup B became a predominant cause of IMD in the analyzed countries, mirroring European trends.

Conclusions:

  • Need for enhanced IMD surveillance, including genomic characterization.
  • Importance of data for informing public health policymakers.
  • Guidance for future vaccination strategies in the region is essential.
Keywords:
COVID-19Neisseria meningitidisSouth Americadisease incidencemeningococcal disease

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