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Factors Associated with Missed Opportunities for Vaccination in Children During the First Year of Life: A

Wágnar Silva Morais Nascimento1, Eugênio Barbosa de Melo Júnior1, Ana Raisla de Araújo Rodrigues1

  • 1Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil.

Vaccines
|November 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Over half of children under one experienced missed vaccination opportunities (MOV). Factors include parental characteristics, health system issues, and vaccine supply problems, highlighting critical gaps in Brazil's immunization program.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Addressing Missed Opportunities for Vaccination (MOV) is crucial for improving childhood vaccination rates.
  • Understanding factors contributing to MOV is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze factors associated with missed opportunities for vaccination in children under one year of age in a Brazilian capital.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional, analytical study in seven Basic Health Units in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
  • A validated questionnaire was applied to 316 parents/guardians.
  • Multivariable Logistic Regression analysis was performed.

Main Results:

  • 53.5% of children experienced at least one MOV.
  • Associated factors included: parents with multiple children, false contraindications, inadequate card assessment, vaccine shortages, and refusal to open multidose vials.
  • BCG and COVID-19 vaccines were most frequently involved in MOV.

Conclusions:

  • High MOV prevalence indicates significant weaknesses in the immunization process.
  • Implementing measures to address MOV causes is vital for achieving national immunization program objectives.
Abstract

Keywords:
child healthmissed opportunityprimary health carevaccination coverage

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