Evaluation of Cardiac Structural Changes Induced by Carbamazepine-Based Nanotherapeutics in an Experimental Epilepsy
Adem Tokpınar1, Hasan İlhan2, Semih Tan3
1Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu 52000, Türkiye.
Abstract:
Background/Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the morphological impact of carbamazepine (CBZ) coated with carbon nanodots functionalised with silver nanoparticles (CNDs@AgNPs) and metal-organic framework (MOF-5) nanoparticles on the hearts of male rats with experimental epilepsy. Methods: Seventy male Wistar rats were randomly selected for the study and divided into ten groups of seven animals each. Haematoxylin-eosin staining was performed on heart tissue, and the levels of interleu-kin-6 (IL-6) and catalase (CAT) and the oxidative stress index (OSI) were determined bio-chemically. In addition, we performed morphological measurements of the heart. Results: When the heart tissues were evaluated histopathologically in all groups, it was observed that cells with pyknotic nuclei and haemorrhagic areas increased in the heart images, especially in the PTZ group with epilepsy only. Histologically normal cardiac cells and cardiac tissue were observed in the other groups. The distance between the atria was below 10 mm only in PTZ + CBZ 50 mg/kg and PTZ + CNDs@MOF-5 25 mg/kg groups. The distance between the apex of the heart and the base of the heart was the lowest in CNDs@MOF-5 25 mg/kg and CNDs@MOF-5 50 mg/kg groups. Conclusions: PTZ-induced epilepsy causes significant histopathological changes, while cardiac tissue structure is largely preserved in the treatment groups. In our literature review, we did not find any previous studies examining the effects of carbamazepine coated with two different types of nanoparticles on the cardiac morphology in an experimental epilepsy model.
Insights
Epilepsy induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) caused heart damage in rats, but treatments with carbamazepine (CBZ) nanoparticles largely preserved cardiac tissue structure. This study explored novel nanoparticle coatings for potential therapeutic applications.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Neuroscience
- Nanomedicine
Background:
- Experimental epilepsy models are crucial for understanding neurological disorders.
- Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an antiepileptic drug with potential cardiac side effects.
- Nanoparticle drug delivery systems offer novel therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cardiac morphological effects of CBZ coated with carbon nanodots functionalized with silver nanoparticles (CNDs@AgNPs) and metal-organic framework (MOF-5) nanoparticles in rats with experimental epilepsy.
- To evaluate histopathological and biochemical changes in cardiac tissue.
- To assess the protective potential of these nanoparticle-drug conjugates against epilepsy-induced cardiotoxicity.
Main Methods:
- Seventy male Wistar rats were induced with experimental epilepsy using pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).
- Animals were divided into ten groups, receiving different treatments including CBZ, CNDs@AgNPs, and CNDs@MOF-5.
- Cardiac tissues were analyzed using Haematoxylin-eosin staining, and levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), catalase (CAT), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were determined biochemically.
Main Results:
- PTZ-induced epilepsy led to significant histopathological changes, including pyknotic nuclei and hemorrhagic areas in cardiac tissue.
- Cardiac tissue structure was largely preserved in groups treated with CBZ-coated nanoparticles.
- Specific nanoparticle formulations showed variations in cardiac morphology measurements, such as atrial distance and apex-to-base length.
Conclusions:
- PTZ-induced epilepsy causes notable cardiac histopathological alterations.
- Carbamazepine coated with CNDs@AgNPs and CNDs@MOF-5 nanoparticles demonstrated a protective effect on cardiac tissue structure.
- This study presents novel findings on the cardioprotective potential of nanoparticle-drug conjugates in an experimental epilepsy model.
More Related Videos
09:07Electroconvulsive Seizures in Rats and Fractionation of Their Hippocampi to Examine Seizure-induced Changes in Postsynaptic Density Proteins
Published on: August 15, 2017
11:54Simultaneous Video-EEG-ECG Monitoring to Identify Neurocardiac Dysfunction in Mouse Models of Epilepsy
Published on: January 29, 2018
Related Concept Videos
01:24Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
01:17Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers
Calcium channel blockers exert their antiepileptic effects by targeting T-type calcium channels, which are integral to transmitting nerve signals in the central nervous system. These channels allow the passage of calcium ions, which are vital for neuronal communication. By inhibiting T-type calcium channels, calcium channel blockers effectively reduce the release of neurotransmitters and...
01:20Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...