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Cellular and Molecular Pathways in Diabetes-Associated Heart Failure: Emerging Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic

Nikolaos Ktenopoulos1,2, Lilian Anagnostopoulou3, Anastasios Apostolos1,2,4

  • 1First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|November 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes heart failure (HF) through direct cellular and molecular changes, not just other conditions. Understanding these pathways is key to preventing and treating diabetic heart complications.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health issue linked to severe complications.
  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), especially heart failure (HF), are major causes of death in diabetic patients.
  • HF occurs in diabetics even without traditional risk factors like hypertension or coronary artery disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving heart failure in diabetes.
  • To consolidate current evidence on diabetes-induced cardiac alterations.
  • To inform the development of strategies for preventing or reversing diabetic HF.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing evidence.
  • Analysis of cellular and molecular pathways.
  • Consolidation of recent scientific advances.

Main Results:

  • Diabetes directly contributes to heart failure through specific pathways.
  • Molecular and cellular changes in the heart are driven by diabetes.
  • This review synthesizes current understanding of these mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes mellitus independently increases heart failure risk.
  • Understanding diabetes-related molecular and cellular pathways is crucial for effective HF management in diabetics.
  • Further research into these pathways can lead to novel therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
diabetes mellitusdiabetic cardiomyopathyheart failuremolecular mechanismstherapeutic strategies

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