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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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Daily Phototherapy with Red Light to Regulate Candida albicans Biofilm Growth
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Photodynamic Therapy Modulates pri-miRNA Expression in C. albicans-Infected HEK-293 Cells: An In Vitro Study.

Cinzia Casu1, Andrea Butera2, Alessandra Scano1

  • 1Oral Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|November 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) effectively reduced inflammatory markers, specifically pri-miRNA-146a and pri-miRNA-155, in a cell culture model of Candida albicans infection. This suggests PDT

Keywords:
C. albicansC. albicans CA97Candida spp.Photodynamic Therapypri-miRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Microbiology
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Oral Candida infections are a growing concern due to antifungal resistance.
  • Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses light-activated photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce apoptosis.
  • Candida albicans infection upregulates specific microRNAs (miRNAs), such as miRNA-146a and miRNA-155, acting as inflammatory markers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of curcumin-based PDT on the expression of primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) of miRNA-146a and miRNA-155 in an in vitro model of Candida albicans infection.
  • To assess the potential of pri-miRNA-146a/155 as biomarkers for Candida infection and PDT efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells were infected with a multidrug-resistant Candida albicans strain (CA97).
  • Infected cells were treated with curcumin-based PDT activated by blue light (470 nm).
  • Expression levels of pri-miRNA-146a and pri-miRNA-155 were measured before and after PDT treatment.

Main Results:

  • Candida albicans infection significantly increased pri-miRNA-146a and pri-miRNA-155 expression (2- to 3.5-fold).
  • PDT treatment successfully reduced the elevated pri-miRNA levels back to baseline values.
  • The observed changes in pri-miRNA expression correlated with PDT treatment effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • PDT demonstrates efficacy in modulating key inflammatory markers during Candida albicans infection in vitro.
  • Pri-miRNA-146a and pri-miRNA-155 can serve as valuable indicators of early inflammatory responses to Candida.
  • Pri-miRNA evaluation shows promise as a biomarker for assessing PDT effectiveness in managing oral fungal infections.