[Comprehensive Assessment After Cardiac Surgery in Patients With Postoperative Low Cardiac Output Syndrome]

Postoperative low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) after cardiac surgery (CS) is a serious complication that significantly affects patients' clinical and functional outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze short- and medium/long-term evolution, including clinical, functional, and emotional aspects, in order to identify areas for improvement in the care process.

A prospective, single-center cohort study was conducted in a tertiary hospital. Adult patients undergoing CS between April and October 2023 were included. Follow-up comprised the hospital phase (ICU and ward) and a telephone assessment 9 months after discharge, using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

Of 197 postoperative patients, 34 developed LCOS. In the ICU, the cardiogenic shock group showed longer time to extubation and a higher incidence of AKIN III renal failure (p<0.001 and p=0.012). ICU and hospital stays were significantly longer (p=0.017 and p=0.048). At medium/long-term follow-up, 41.7% reported reduced quality of life and 43.8% reduced social life. Half of the patients remained symptomatic or worsened during follow-up. Possible anxiety was detected in 15% and depression in 30%.

Postoperative LCOS is associated with poorer clinical, functional, and emotional outcomes. Structured follow-up strategies are needed, including therapeutic adjustment, incorporation of new targets in cardiac rehabilitation programs, and management of emotional well-being.