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Quercetin-chitooligosaccharide ionic complex: molecular stabilization and microbiota mediated glycemic modulation.

Jingxin Li1, Lu Wang1, Xinru Liu1

  • 1College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.

Food Chemistry
|November 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study created a quercetin-chitooligosaccharide (QC) complex to improve flavonoid delivery and glycemic regulation. The QC complex enhanced antioxidant activity and remodeled gut microbiota in diabetic models.

Keywords:
ChitooligosaccharideGut microbiotaIonic cross linkingNrf2/HO-1QuercetinType 2 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Quercetin, a flavonoid, has limited bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
  • Chitooligosaccharides (COS) are bioactive polysaccharides with potential health benefits.
  • Developing effective delivery systems for bioactive compounds is crucial for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish an ionic cross-linked quercetin-chitooligosaccharide (QC) complex for enhanced flavonoid delivery.
  • To investigate the physicochemical properties and dual bioactivity of the QC complex in a diabetic model.
  • To explore the impact of the QC complex on host antioxidant response and gut microbiota composition.

Main Methods:

  • Ionic cross-linking to form the QC complex with high encapsulation efficiency.
  • NMR spectroscopy to elucidate molecular interactions and physicochemical properties.
  • In vivo studies using a diabetic model to assess systemic and gut microbiota effects.

Main Results:

  • The QC complex exhibited improved water solubility and thermal stability.
  • Systemic administration activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, increasing antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GPX) and decreasing lipid peroxidation (MDA).
  • The complex modulated gut microbiota, reducing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and enriching beneficial bacteria, correlating with increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production.

Conclusions:

  • The QC complex represents a novel food matrix design for enhanced quercetin delivery and glycemic regulation.
  • COS acts as a prebiotic, potentially facilitating quercetin aglycone release and enhancing its bioactivity.
  • The synergistic interaction between microbial metabolism and host antioxidant response offers a new paradigm for managing metabolic disorders.