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Tricritical Kibble-Zurek scaling in Rydberg atom ladders.

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  • 1Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

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|November 26, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers theoretically propose using Rydberg atom arrays to study the Kibble-Zurek (KZ) mechanism at tricritical points, a key challenge in phase transitions. This method allows for the measurement of tricritical exponents and exploration of novel quantum dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum simulation
  • Phase transitions
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • The Kibble-Zurek (KZ) mechanism describes defect formation during phase transitions.
  • Tricritical points, where second-order phase transition lines end, are experimentally challenging to probe.
  • Rydberg atom arrays offer a controllable platform for quantum simulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically propose and investigate the Kibble-Zurek mechanism at tricritical points.
  • To experimentally measure tricritical exponents using Rydberg atom arrays.
  • To explore quantum dynamics beyond the standard KZ paradigm.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Rydberg atom arrays configured as two- and three-leg ladders.
  • Slowly ramping Rabi frequency and detuning to probe KZ scaling.
  • Analyzing data collapse using critical exponents and renormalization group flows.

Main Results:

  • Extraction of two relevant tricritical exponents, ν and ν .
  • Observation of renormalization group flows toward adjacent second-order critical lines at faster ramping speeds.
  • Identification of a dynamical analog of Zamolodchikov's c-theorem.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed protocol is implementable on existing Rydberg quantum simulators.
  • This work provides a direct route to measuring distinct tricritical exponents and potential emergent supersymmetry constraints.
  • The study deepens theoretical understanding and opens avenues for exploring beyond-KZ quantum dynamics.