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A Modeling and Simulation Method for Preliminary Design of an Electro-Variable Displacement Pump
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Dynamic modeling and adaptive variable constraint optimization for integrated energy systems based on double-loop

Zhicheng Wei1, Xing Dong1, Bin Jia1

  • 1School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.

Scientific Reports
|November 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a dynamic optimization dispatch strategy for integrated energy systems (IESs) to address source-load deviations. The new method improves energy utilization, reduces costs and emissions, and enhances grid stability.

Keywords:
Double-loop optimizationDynamic modelingIntegrated energy systemSource-load matchingVariable constraint optimization

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Area of Science:

  • Energy Systems Engineering
  • Optimization Theory
  • Control Systems

Background:

  • Integrated energy systems (IESs) are crucial for energy revolution but face challenges due to varying dynamic characteristics of energy conversion devices.
  • Source-load energy deviation in IESs hinders optimal performance and efficient energy utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a dynamic optimization dispatch strategy for IESs to mitigate source-load deviations.
  • To enhance the operational efficiency and performance of IESs through advanced control strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a nonlinear difference equation model to represent device dynamic response capacities.
  • Established an optimization dispatch model within a novel double-loop optimization framework.
  • Transformed the model using power time-domain integration and employed an adaptive variable constraint particle swarm optimization (AVCPSO) algorithm.

Main Results:

  • The optimized strategy reduced daily operation costs by 6.25% and carbon emissions by 2.90%.
  • Achieved a 3.06% increase in source-load matching and a 29.36% reduction in total power consumption.
  • Decreased the peak-valley load difference by 19.97% for the power grid.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed dynamic optimization dispatch strategy effectively addresses source-load deviations in IESs.
  • The strategy offers significant improvements in economic benefits, environmental impact, and grid stability.