Strontium/copper doped nano-bioactive glass for biomedical applications

This work is reported for the preparation and characterization of nano bioactive glass doped with copper and strontium in the system (SiO₂-CaO-P₂O₅-CuO-SrO).Compared to traditional procedures, the Sol-gel approach offers a number of advantages for glass formation, including improved control over size and morphology. At the expense of CaO, CuO and SrO were added to the glass compositions. CuO and SrO were used for their highly antibacterial effects and bioactivity enhancement. To confirm the bioactivity of all the glass samples, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) surface area measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to assess the morphological and structural characteristics of the produced glasses. The particles that developed on the glass samples' surface during immersion in the simulated body fluid (SBF) were analysed to detect the glasses' bioactivity. The hydroxyapatite (HAp) layer's development was verified by EDX analysis. ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) Spectroscopy was used to analyse the ion release in the SBF solution. Additionally, the impact of the antibacterial activity on several types of bacteria (including Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and antifungal bacteria) was examined. Moreover, Ciprofloxacin was used as a model medication to test the drug loading efficiency. The Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model and zero order models were used to study the drug release mechanisms. The cytotoxicity of the nano-bioactive glass against human bone osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) and bone marrow stromal cells was also evaluated using the MTT assay.