Development of the Physical Activity Research Opportunities (PARO) framework

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Exercise Science
• Health Equity Research

Background:

• Most Americans do not meet physical activity guidelines.
• Gaps exist in physical activity research knowledge and implementation.
• Addressing health inequities is crucial in physical activity promotion.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify, synthesize, and categorize research opportunities in physical activity.
• To develop a conceptual framework for advancing physical activity research.
• To integrate health equity considerations into physical activity research.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative document analysis of 11 sources from US government, intergovernmental, and non-profit organizations.
• Expert review and coding of 385 extracted research opportunities.
• Development of the Physical Activity Research Opportunities (PARO) framework based on translational phase and social ecological level.

Main Results:

• 87 condensed research opportunity statements were developed.
• Most opportunities focused on effectiveness (51%) and dissemination/implementation science (16%).
• Few opportunities (38%) addressed policy, systems, and environmental interventions, and many (76%) lacked health equity considerations.

Conclusions:

• The PARO framework identifies evidence gaps and strategic opportunities for physical activity stakeholders.
• Future research should prioritize efficacy, effectiveness, dissemination, and implementation, with a focus on community engagement.
• Advancing health equity requires tailored interventions, enhanced reach to priority populations, and addressing social determinants of health.