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Bioactive Flavonoids from Paulownia tomentosa Flowers: Extraction Optimization and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Kinetics
Fu Jiang1, Haibo Yang1, Xiaoqiao Zhai2
1Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
Summary
Paulownia tomentosa flowers yield potent flavonoids with significant alpha-glucosidase inhibition. Ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction offers an efficient method for isolating these valuable compounds for pharmaceutical use.
Area of Science:
- Natural Product Chemistry
- Pharmacology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Paulownia tomentosa flowers contain flavonoids with potential biological activities.
- Limited research exists on their alpha-glucosidase inhibitory properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare ultrasound-assisted cellulase extraction and aqueous two-phase extraction for flavonoid recovery.
- To optimize extraction conditions and identify key compounds.
- To evaluate the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory potential of extracted flavonoids.
Main Methods:
- Ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction (UAE) and ultrasound-assisted cellulase extraction were compared.
- Optimal UAE conditions were determined (17.80% (NH4)2SO4, 12 min, 44 °C).
- Purification utilized NKA-9 macroporous resin; compound identification via UPLC-MS/MS.
Main Results:
- UAE demonstrated superior flavonoid recovery compared to cellulase extraction.
- Apigenin-7-glucuronide and scutellarin were identified as major flavonoids; several novel compounds were found.
- Extracted flavonoids showed significant alpha-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 0.412 mg/mL) with mixed-competitive kinetics.
Conclusions:
- Ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction is effective for sustainable P. tomentosa flavonoid recovery.
- Luteolin 7-O-glucuronide is a key active component with potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity.
- These findings support the pharmaceutical development of P. tomentosa flower extracts.
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