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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

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Green Light and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Migraine Patients: A Preliminary Randomized Control Trial.

Amna Mahmood1, Mirza Obaid Baig1, Sumaiyah Obaid1

  • 1Faculty of Rehabilitation & Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44022, Pakistan.

Brain Sciences
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study found that both transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and green light therapy effectively reduced migraine pain and improved quality of life. Transcranial direct current stimulation showed a greater impact on pain intensity and daily functioning, while green light therapy offered a slight edge in quality of life improvements.

Keywords:
green lightmigrainepaintranscranial direct current stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Trials
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Migraine is a complex neurological disorder with significant unmet treatment needs, often involving adverse effects or inconsistent relief from conventional medications.
  • Non-pharmacological interventions, such as non-invasive neuromodulation, present a promising avenue for migraine management, necessitating rigorous clinical evidence.
  • Current acute migraine treatments face challenges including adverse effects, pain recurrence, and slow or inconsistent pain relief.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the efficacy of green light therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as non-pharmacological treatments for migraine.
  • To assess the impact of these interventions on migraine frequency, pain intensity, overall impact on daily life, and patient quality of life.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 69 adult migraine patients was conducted over four weeks.
  • Participants were assigned to receive active tDCS, sham tDCS, or green light therapy, alongside their prescribed medications.
  • Outcomes including pain intensity (Numeric Pain Scale), pain impact (Multidimensional Pain Inventory), and quality of life (Migraine-Specific Quality of Life version 2.1) were measured at baseline and at weeks 2 and 4.

Main Results:

  • Both tDCS and green light therapy demonstrated statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) in pain intensity and quality of life across all groups.
  • Participants receiving tDCS and green light therapy showed significant reductions in pain interference, enhanced emotional function, and increased daily activity participation.
  • The tDCS group exhibited a notable decrease in medication dependency and a reduction in the number and duration of migraine attacks.

Conclusions:

  • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and green light therapy are effective non-pharmacological options for managing migraine symptoms, reducing pain, and improving quality of life.
  • tDCS demonstrated a superior effect in alleviating pain intensity and its impact on daily activities compared to green light therapy.
  • Green light therapy showed a slightly greater improvement in the quality of life scores for migraine patients.