PLIN5 Promotes Lipid Reconstitution in Goat Intramuscular Fat via the PPARγ Signaling Pathway

Area of Science:

• Animal Science
• Molecular Biology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is crucial for goat meat quality, influenced by preadipocyte behavior.
• The role of lipid droplet protein Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) in goat IMF deposition remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

• To elucidate the function and mechanism of the PLIN5 gene in regulating intramuscular fat deposition in goats.
• To investigate the signaling pathways involved in PLIN5-mediated lipid metabolism.

Main Methods:

• Overexpression and inhibition of PLIN5 in goat preadipocytes.
• Analysis of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and lipid deposition.
• Untargeted lipidomics sequencing and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis.
• Rescue experiments using PI3K-AKT and PPARγ inhibitors.

Main Results:

• PLIN5 overexpression promoted apoptosis, reduced proliferation, and increased lipid deposition in goat preadipocytes.
• PLIN5 upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and lipogenesis genes.
• Lipidomics identified differentially expressed lipids, mainly involving the PI3K-AKT pathway.
• Specific lysophosphatidylinositols (LPIs) were upregulated and linked to PPARγ activation.

Conclusions:

• PLIN5 regulates goat intramuscular fat deposition through the PPARγ and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways.
• Understanding PLIN5's role provides insights for improving goat meat quality via IMF modulation.