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Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Stage-Specific Molecular Modules Regulating Uterine Function and Fecundity in
Wenwu Chen1,2,3, Fang Yang1, Jingwen Liu1
1College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
Biology
|November 27, 2025
Summary
This study reveals key molecular changes in pig uterine function across reproductive stages. Understanding these mechanisms, including gene-protein-metabolite interactions, can improve sow reproductive lifespan and breeding strategies.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Biology
- Animal Science
- Genomics and Proteomics
Background:
- Uterine function is critical for reproductive success in swine.
- Dynamic changes occur throughout a sow's reproductive lifespan.
- Understanding these changes requires integrated multi-omics approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically explore the regulatory mechanisms of uterine function in Large White pigs across four reproductive stages.
- To construct molecular regulatory networks using integrated transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data.
- To identify key molecular players and pathways influencing reproductive performance and lifespan.
Main Methods:
- Integrated multi-omics analysis (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) of uterine tissues from Large White sows.
- Bioinformatics analysis to construct molecular regulatory networks.
- Identification of differentially expressed genes, proteins, and metabolites across reproductive stages.
Main Results:
- Transcriptomics identified novel genes and pathways related to energy metabolism and signal transduction.
- Proteomics indicated high protein synthesis in sexually mature sows and inflammation in culled sows.
- Metabolomics linked specific metabolites to high fecundity (XTP) and aging (DHA ethyl ester).
- Integrated analysis identified PLA2G4A as a hub gene regulating inflammatory and metabolic balance.
Conclusions:
- This study provides a comprehensive molecular map of dynamic uterine function changes in Large White pigs.
- Identified stage-specific "gene-protein-metabolite" modules offer insights into reproductive performance.
- Findings offer a theoretical basis for optimizing sow reproductive lifespan and breeding strategies.
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