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Closed-Loop Automated Oxygen Control in Preterm Infants Receiving Non-Invasive Respiratory Support
Ourania Kaltsogianni1,2, Theodore Dassios1,2, Anne Greenough1,2
1Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE5 9RJ, UK.
Closed-loop automated oxygen control (CLAC) systems effectively improve oxygen saturation targets in preterm infants on non-invasive support. Further research is needed to assess CLAC
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Respiratory Care
- Medical Technology
Background:
- Closed-loop automated oxygen control (CLAC) systems are known to enhance oxygen saturation compliance in ventilated preterm infants.
- This review focuses on the efficacy of CLAC in preterm infants receiving non-invasive respiratory support.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the efficacy of CLAC systems in preterm infants on non-invasive respiratory support.
- To identify areas requiring further research regarding CLAC in this population.
Main Methods:
- A narrative review utilizing a PubMed literature search.
- Search terms included 'closed loop' or 'automat*', 'oxygen', and 'neonat*'.
- Sixteen studies were identified and analyzed.
Main Results:
- CLAC improved time within target oxygen saturation ranges and reduced extreme oxygenation levels compared to manual control.
- CLAC was effective across various non-invasive support modes like CPAP and nasal cannulas.
- Many studies had limited power due to early termination and short study durations (≤24 hours).
Conclusions:
- CLAC demonstrates efficacy in achieving oxygen saturation targets for preterm infants on non-invasive respiratory support.
- Longer-term clinical outcomes, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and mortality, were not assessed.
- Further research is essential to evaluate the impact of CLAC on clinical outcomes in this vulnerable population.
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