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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Updated: Jan 10, 2026

High-throughput CRISPR Vector Construction and Characterization of DNA Modifications by Generation of Tomato Hairy Roots
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Artificial Intelligence-Assisted CRISPR/Cas Systems for Targeting Plant Viruses.

Nurgul Iksat1, Almas Madirov1, Kuralay Zhanassova1

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Artificial intelligence (AI) enhances CRISPR gene editing for plant virus resistance. AI-driven tools improve precision and efficacy, boosting crop security against viral threats in sustainable agriculture.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology and Virology
  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Agricultural Biotechnology

Background:

  • Plant viral infections significantly threaten global food security, exacerbated by climate change and intensive farming.
  • CRISPR/Cas systems offer precise genome editing for virus resistance but face limitations in guide RNA design, off-target effects, and understanding plant-virus dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize advancements in integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into CRISPR-Cas systems for plant antiviral strategies.
  • To explore AI's role in optimizing CRISPR design, improving target specificity, and enhancing validation for virus resistance in crops.

Main Methods:

  • Review of AI methodologies, including machine learning and deep learning algorithms (CNNs, RNNs, Transformers, generative models).
  • Application of AI for predicting protein structures (e.g., AlphaFold2, RoseTTAFold, ESMFold), scoring single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs), and modeling host-virus interactions.
  • Focus on AI-driven improvements in in silico validation and CRISPR-Cas performance.

Main Results:

  • AI-enhanced CRISPR methods demonstrate improved target specificity and Cas protein performance.
  • AI facilitates more accurate prediction of protein structures and sgRNA efficacy.
  • In silico validation is significantly improved through AI-driven modeling of host-virus interactions.

Conclusions:

  • AI integration represents a significant leap forward for CRISPR-based antiviral strategies in plants.
  • AI-powered genome editing holds promise for developing next-generation virus-resistant crops and advancing sustainable agriculture.