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Microplastics Exposure Impact on Lung Cancer-Literature Review.
Grzegorz Sychowski1, Hanna Romanowicz1, Bartosz Cieślik-Wolski2
1Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Lodz, Poland.
Cancers
|November 27, 2025
Summary
Micro- and nano-sized plastic particles (MNPs) pollution is a growing concern. Research links MNP exposure to increased oxidative stress and DNA damage, potentially contributing to lung cancer development.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Toxicology
- Oncology
Background:
- Micro- and nano-sized plastic particles (MNPs) are pervasive environmental pollutants.
- Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally.
- Emerging research explores the link between MNP exposure and lung cancer pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential role of micro- and nano-sized plastic particles (MNPs) in lung cancer development.
- To understand the mechanisms by which MNPs may affect respiratory health.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing studies on MNP exposure routes and biological effects.
- Analysis of cellular responses to MNPs, including oxidative stress and DNA damage.
- Examination of MNP aggregation in various organs.
Main Results:
- MNPs can enter the respiratory system directly via inhalation or indirectly through the bloodstream and digestive tract.
- Cellular exposure to MNPs induces oxidative stress and mechanical damage to organelles.
- Potential consequences include metabolic disturbances, DNA damage, mutations, and neoplastic transformation.
- MNPs can aggregate in the respiratory system, thyroid, and brain, with effects dependent on concentration and exposure duration.
Conclusions:
- MNP exposure presents a significant risk factor for lung cancer.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the carcinogenic potential of MNPs and inform public health strategies.
