Optimizing Preoperative Anemia in Non-Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review on Surgical Recovery and...

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Gastroenterology
• Hematology

Background:

• Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading global malignancy with high incidence and mortality.
• Preoperative anemia is a common comorbidity in CRC patients undergoing surgery, affecting 23-60% of cases.
• Anemia management is crucial for optimizing surgical outcomes in CRC patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review evidence on preoperative anemia management in adults undergoing surgery for non-metastatic CRC.
• To assess the clinical impact of IV versus oral iron supplementation on hematologic optimization.
• To evaluate effects on transfusion requirements, postoperative complications, and recovery.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
• Data synthesis on iron supplementation strategies for preoperative anemia.
• Analysis of outcomes including hematologic parameters, transfusion rates, and recovery.

Main Results:

• Intravenous (IV) iron and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents are safe and more efficient than oral iron.
• Optimal initiation of IV iron is at least two weeks before surgery.
• Proactive anemia management, particularly with IV iron, reduces transfusion burden and improves recovery.

Conclusions:

• IV iron therapy is a more effective strategy than oral supplementation for preoperative anemia in non-metastatic CRC.
• Hematologic benefits of IV iron enhance surgical readiness and decrease postoperative intervention needs.
• Integration of IV iron into preoperative optimization protocols is recommended.