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The Effects of Virtual Reality Interventions on Motor Function Rehabilitation in Lower-Limb Amputees: A Systematic
Jade Paillet1, Manuel Del Valle Rodríguez2, Javier Herranz Vázquez2
1Institut de Formation en Masso-Kinésithérapie-Assas, Université Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 78280 Paris, France.
Background:
Lower-limb amputation is a complex condition that profoundly affects motor function and patients' quality of life. Physical therapists are key in managing lower-limb amputees, and emerging technologies such as virtual reality offer promising tools to further enhance motor function. This review aims to assess the effectiveness of virtual reality-based rehabilitation in improving motor function in lower-limb amputees.
Method:
A systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, covering all studies published from their inception to July 2025. The study population consisted of adult lower-limb amputees receiving virtual reality-based rehabilitation, either alone or combined with other interventions. The search strategy included key terms such as "amputee," "limb loss," and "virtual reality," with no date restrictions.
Results:
Six studies, all randomized controlled trials, were included and featured a variety of protocols. Meta-analysis showed no significant improvement in walking capacity in the experimental group when compared with controls (p > 0.05). In contrast, postural stability demonstrated significant improvement in the experimental group, with high consistency across studies (I2 = 0%).
Conclusions:
Current evidence suggests that virtual reality may be an effective approach to improving motor function in lower-limb amputees. However, the studies exhibit methodological limitations, highlighting the need for further research to standardize protocols and evaluate long-term benefits.
