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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
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Enhancing Mental Health Through Retirement Planning Achievement: A Moderated Mediation Model and Income Group

Jing Yuan1,2, Pengfei Jian1,2, Buxin Han1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.

Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Achieving retirement goals boosts older adults' mental health through social engagement and enjoyment. However, benefits vary based on psychological resources and income levels, impacting successful aging.

Keywords:
active social participationhousehold incomemental healthretirement adjustmentretirement planning achievement

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Retirement planning achievement is crucial for older adults' well-being.
  • Understanding the mechanisms and boundary conditions influencing this relationship is essential for effective aging policies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how retirement planning achievement impacts mental health in Chinese retirees.
  • To examine the mediating roles of social participation, enjoyment, and loss, and the moderating effects of retirement adjustment.
  • To analyze how socioeconomic status, specifically income, influences these relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) on data from 900 Chinese retirees (aged 55-74).
  • Tested parallel mediation and moderated mediation models.
  • Conducted income-group analysis to explore socioeconomic disparities.

Main Results:

  • Retirement planning achievement directly and positively predicted mental health.
  • Indirect pathways included increased social participation, retirement enjoyment, and reduced retirement loss.
  • Retirement adjustment moderated the direct effect, with low retirement loss amplifying benefits and high enjoyment attenuating them.
  • The models were fully supported in the average-income group, but effects were weaker or non-significant in insufficient- and sufficient-income groups.

Conclusions:

  • Retirement planning achievement is a significant pathway to improved mental health in later life.
  • Psychological resources (e.g., low retirement loss) and socioeconomic status (income) are critical constraints and moderators.
  • The positive impact of retirement planning is greatest among well-adjusted, average-income retirees, underscoring the need for tailored aging support.