Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus01:15

Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus

3.2K
Development of the reproductive organs in an embryo starts from a bipotential state. This means the early embryo can develop either male or female reproductive organs. The formation of these organs begins with the growth of gonadal ridges that arise from the intermediate mesoderm during the fifth week of development.
Near the gonadal ridges, two duct systems are present: the mesonephric ducts (Wolffian ducts) and paramesonephric ducts (Müllerian ducts). These ducts form the basis for the...
3.2K
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

6.4K
The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
6.4K
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

9.8K
The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
9.8K
The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness02:19

The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness

7.8K
The Y chromosome is a sex chromosome found in several vertebrates and mammals, including humans. In addition to 22 pairs of autosomes, the human males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. In these organisms, the presence or absence of the Y chromosome determines the development of male traits.
Evolution
Around 300 million years ago, the two sex chromosomes diverged from two identical autosomal chromosomes. Over time, the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, shrinking in size....
7.8K
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

2.4K
Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ADNP Functions During Early Brain Development and Their Relevance to ASD and ADNP Syndrome.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Spectral CT in radiotherapy: physics, principles, clinical applications, and future outlooks.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)·2026
Same author

Increased precipitation decelerates temporal succession of grassland soil microbial communities.

The ISME journal·2026
Same author

[Construction and application of early warning and grading intervention strategy for critically ill inpatients based on dynamic sequential organ failure assessment scoring].

Zhonghua wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue·2026
Same author

PEDF peptides rescue defects in neurite morphogenesis and intracellular calcium response in cortical neurons from mice exposed to valproic acid.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Drug repurposing of sophoridine for sepsis-induced organ injury: from in-depth analysis of a single agent to a multi-target therapeutic paradigm.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Using Ex Vivo Upright Droplet Cultures of Whole Fetal Organs to Study Developmental Processes during Mouse Organogenesis
09:47

Using Ex Vivo Upright Droplet Cultures of Whole Fetal Organs to Study Developmental Processes during Mouse Organogenesis

Published on: October 21, 2015

13.2K

Developmental Phase-Specific Molecular Signatures and Signaling Pathways in Cryptorchidism-Induced Testicular Damage.

Xinying Wang1, Fuming Deng1, Yijing Chen1

  • 1Department of Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China.

Biomolecules
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Undescended testes (cryptorchidism) involve distinct molecular changes in prepubertal and mature phases, impacting inflammation and tissue remodeling. Identifying these phase-specific mechanisms offers potential for timing-dependent therapies.

Keywords:
NF-κB signalling pathwayPI3K-Akt signalling pathwaycryptorchidismphase-specific molecular processessurgically-induced modeltesticular damage

More Related Videos

A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model
09:40

A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model

Published on: February 6, 2018

15.7K
Extra Cellular Matrix-Based and Extra Cellular Matrix-Free Generation of Murine Testicular Organoids
09:18

Extra Cellular Matrix-Based and Extra Cellular Matrix-Free Generation of Murine Testicular Organoids

Published on: October 7, 2020

7.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Using Ex Vivo Upright Droplet Cultures of Whole Fetal Organs to Study Developmental Processes during Mouse Organogenesis
09:47

Using Ex Vivo Upright Droplet Cultures of Whole Fetal Organs to Study Developmental Processes during Mouse Organogenesis

Published on: October 21, 2015

13.2K
A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model
09:40

A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model

Published on: February 6, 2018

15.7K
Extra Cellular Matrix-Based and Extra Cellular Matrix-Free Generation of Murine Testicular Organoids
09:18

Extra Cellular Matrix-Based and Extra Cellular Matrix-Free Generation of Murine Testicular Organoids

Published on: October 7, 2020

7.3K

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Cryptorchidism (undescended testes) is linked to infertility and cancer risk due to complex testicular microenvironment alterations.
  • Key factors include elevated temperature, hormonal imbalance, altered vascular perfusion, and immune responses, synergistically driving pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate phase-specific pathological mechanisms in cryptorchidism using a mouse model.
  • To identify distinct molecular signatures and signaling pathways affected at prepubertal and sexually mature stages.

Main Methods:

  • Surgically induced bilateral cryptorchidism in mice at postnatal day 21 (PND21).
  • Transcriptome analysis at prepubertal (PND35) and mature (PND70) phases.
  • Functional enrichment analysis and molecular pathway validation (PI3K-Akt, NF-κB).

Main Results:

  • Prepubertal testes showed 2570 differentially expressed genes enriched in immunoproteasome and inflammatory pathways.
  • Mature testes exhibited 883 differentially expressed genes related to extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and oncogenic pathways.
  • Elevated PI3K-Akt and NF-κB signaling were confirmed in both phases.

Conclusions:

  • Cryptorchidism pathology exhibits distinct molecular signatures and mechanisms dependent on developmental phase.
  • Prepubertal changes involve inflammation and immunoproteasome activation; mature changes involve ECM remodeling and fibrotic processes.
  • Phase-specific understanding suggests potential for timing-dependent therapeutic strategies targeting pathways like PI3K-Akt and NF-κB.