Antimicrobial Activity of Aztreonam-Avibactam and Other β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations Tested Against Enterobacterales Isolates from Pediatric Patients from United States Medical Centers (2019-2023)
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacterales is lower in children than adults. Advanced antibiotics like aztreonam-avibactam, ceftazidime-avibactam, and meropenem-vaborbactam show high activity against pediatric and adult infections.
Area Of Science
- Clinical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pediatric Antimicrobial Resistance
Background
- Enterobacterales are a significant cause of pediatric infections.
- Understanding antimicrobial susceptibility patterns is crucial for effective treatment.
- Data on pediatric antimicrobial resistance is less extensive compared to adults.
Purpose Of The Study
- To evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacterales in pediatric patients.
- To compare resistance patterns between pediatric and adult populations.
- To assess the activity of newer antimicrobial agents against pediatric isolates.
Main Methods
- Collected 5723 Enterobacterales isolates from pediatric patients (<18 years) across 82 US medical centers (2019-2023).
- Performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the broth microdilution method.
- Stratified analysis by patient age groups and infection types (pneumonia, BSI, UTI), comparing with adult isolates (n=17,712).
Main Results
- Pediatric isolates were primarily from UTIs (51.8%), pneumonia (21.8%), and BSIs (15.3%).
- Aztreonam-avibactam, ceftazidime-avibactam, and meropenem-vaborbactam demonstrated high activity (≥99.4% susceptible) against resistant pediatric Enterobacterales.
- Carbapenem resistance was significantly lower in pediatric (0.1%) versus adult (1.3%) isolates; ESBL profiles were similar, with CTX-M being predominant.
Conclusions
- Antimicrobial resistance rates are generally lower in pediatric Enterobacterales compared to adults.
- ESBL-producing Enterobacterales, primarily CTX-M types, are a notable cause of pediatric infections.
- Key broad-spectrum antibiotics show excellent activity against both pediatric and adult Enterobacterales isolates.
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