Chemerin and the Gut: From Inflammation to Cancer.

Area of Science:

• Immunometabolism
• Gastroenterology
• Oncology

Background:

• Chemerin is an adipokine with immunometabolic functions, regulated in a tissue- and context-dependent manner.
• It exhibits dual protective and pathogenic roles in various physiological and pathological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To elucidate the multifaceted roles of chemerin in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and liver.
• To explore chemerin's involvement in metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and cancer.
• To assess chemerin's potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on chemerin's function in the upper GI tract, pancreas, and liver.
• Analysis of chemerin's impact on immune cell function, metabolic processes, and disease pathogenesis.
• Evaluation of chemerin's prognostic and therapeutic potential in gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases.

Main Results:

• Chemerin influences immune tolerance and cancer invasion in the upper GI tract.
• It serves as a biomarker for pancreatic injury and affects beta-cell function.
• Chemerin contributes to NAFLD/NASH, predicts cirrhosis prognosis, and shows tumor-suppressive effects in HCC.
• In IBD, chemerin has context-specific effects on colitis and epithelial defense.

Conclusions:

• Chemerin is a versatile regulator connecting metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and GI malignancy.
• Its context-specific biology necessitates tailored therapeutic strategies.
• Chemerin holds promise for biomarker development and targeted interventions in gastrointestinal diseases.