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Bacterial Agents and Antimicrobial-Resistance Patterns in Canine Otitis Externa
Sónia Saraiva1,2,3,4, Rita Calouro2,3,4, Telma de Sousa4,5,6,7
1Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|November 27, 2025
Summary
Canine otitis externa is frequently caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. This highlights the need for targeted therapies to combat rising antimicrobial resistance in dog ear infections.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Microbiology
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Canine otitis externa is a prevalent and recurring ear infection in dogs.
- Increasing antimicrobial resistance complicates treatment of bacterial canine otitis externa.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze bacterial isolates from dogs with otitis externa.
- To identify predominant pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance profiles.
- To assess the role of specific bacteria in disease recurrence and resistance.
Main Methods:
- Bacterial isolates from dogs with otitis externa were analyzed.
- Pathogen identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed.
- Correlation between specific pathogens and recurrence rates/resistance was investigated.
Main Results:
- Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (41%) was the most common isolate, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (23%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19%).
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed high recurrence rates (90%) and resistance to beta-lactams.
- Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus canis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis exhibited various resistance patterns, including multidrug resistance.
Conclusions:
- Multidrug-resistant bacteria are highly prevalent in canine otitis externa.
- Culture-guided therapy is essential for effective treatment.
- Concerns exist regarding One Health implications due to potential zoonotic transmission of resistance genes.
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