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Association of Phase Angle with Body Composition in Hemodialysis Patients: A Case-Control Study
Selma Cvijetić Avdagić1, Petra Kovačević Totić2, Karla Kovačević Čorak3
1Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
Summary
Phase angle (PhA), a marker of tissue integrity, is lower in hemodialysis (HD) patients. PhA reflects body composition changes, including skeletal muscle mass and bone mass, in HD patients.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Clinical Nutrition
- Nephrology
Background:
- Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) frequently exhibit altered body composition due to metabolic disturbances.
- Phase angle (PhA) serves as an indicator of cellular integrity and overall physiological status.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate body composition and its correlation with PhA in HD patients.
- To compare body composition and PhA between HD patients and healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used to assess body composition parameters including skeletal muscle mass (SMM), fat tissue, and total bone mass (BM).
- Phase angle (PhA) was measured in 53 HD patients and 106 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
Main Results:
- HD patients demonstrated significantly lower fat mass and PhA compared to controls (p < 0.001).
- While not statistically significant, HD patients showed a higher prevalence of low SMM and BM.
- In HD patients, PhA was positively associated with SMM% (p = 0.021) and BM (p = 0.035) after adjusting for age and sex.
Conclusions:
- The relationship between PhA and body composition differs between HD patients and healthy individuals.
- Phase angle may serve as a valuable indicator for detecting body composition abnormalities in patients on hemodialysis.
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