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The Predictive Value of Umbilical Cord Interleukin-6: Implications for Neonatal Care-A Narrative Review of Current

Diana Iulia Vasilescu1,2, Adriana Mihaela Dan2,3, Andreea Raluca Gogoncea4

  • 1Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Elevated umbilical cord blood Interleukin-6 (IL-6) indicates higher neonatal risk for sepsis and respiratory issues. This biomarker aids in predicting outcomes and guiding clinical decisions for newborns.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Biomarker Research
  • Pediatric Inflammation

Background:

  • Intrauterine inflammation and Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome (FIRS) significantly impact neonatal morbidity.
  • Umbilical cord (UC) blood Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key indicator of intrauterine conditions and early neonatal risk.
  • Accurate neonatal health assessment is critical for pediatric medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize evidence on the predictive value of UC blood IL-6 for neonatal outcomes.
  • To explore the association of UC IL-6 with neonatal sepsis, respiratory distress, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
  • Narrative analysis of studies reporting UC IL-6 levels and neonatal outcomes.
  • Synthesis of existing evidence on IL-6 as a neonatal biomarker.

Main Results:

  • Elevated UC IL-6 is consistently linked to early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and respiratory complications.
  • UC IL-6 offers prognostic value for neurological outcomes.
  • Factors like gestational age, delivery mode, and chorioamnionitis influence IL-6 findings.

Conclusions:

  • UC IL-6 is a valuable early biomarker for neonatal risk stratification.
  • IL-6 measurements support clinical decision-making in neonatal care.
  • Future research should focus on standardization and prospective studies for routine integration.

Keywords:
biomarkerearly onset neonatal sepsisfetal inflammatory response syndromeinterleukin-6morbidityneonatal outcomesumbilical cord blood

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