Influence of Social Determinants on Physical Performance and Geriatric Syndromes in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Healthy aging involves ensuring a good quality of life and maintaining autonomy. Physical performance is a key indicator of health and autonomy in old age, and it is influenced by social determinants of health. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in physical performance and geriatric health outcomes among older adults attending a community center, according to their educational level, pension status, and access to health services.

An observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out using the database of subjects aged 60 and over who attend a community gerontological center.

A total of 536 older adults (mean age 70.7 ± 8.4 years, 71.5% women, 86.9% with public health coverage) with an average age of 70.7 ± 8.4 years were included; subjects with higher education had higher weight, as well as better indicators of physical functionality: higher scores in the Barthel and Lawton-Brody indices, greater walking speed, less time in the test to get up from the chair and in the test "Time Up and Go" (TUG), and increased prehensile strength.

Social determinants, including education, economic independence, health coverage, and pension status, significantly influence physical performance and geriatric syndromes in older adults.