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Author Spotlight: Innovative Microneedle-Based Strategies for Enhanced Exosome Delivery and Stability
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3D-Printed Microneedles with Controlled Structures for Drug Delivery Study in an Ex Vivo Model.

Dong Wei1, Weixiong Yang2, Xiang Song1

  • 1Department of Oncology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.

Micromachines
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Stereolithography 3D printing enables custom microneedle (MN) arrays for improved transdermal drug delivery. Grooved MN designs show enhanced skin penetration and drug release, offering a new generation of delivery devices.

Keywords:
3D printingcontrolled structuresdrug deliverymicroneedle arrays

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Microneedle (MN) arrays offer improved transdermal drug delivery, reducing pain and enhancing patient compliance.
  • Traditional MN fabrication methods face limitations in design complexity and manufacturing efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing for fabricating customized MN arrays.
  • To evaluate the performance of 3D-printed MN arrays, particularly grooved designs, for transdermal drug delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of conical and grooved MN arrays using SLA 3D printing.
  • Evaluation of MN array penetration force and drug release kinetics using an ex vivo porcine skin model.

Main Results:

  • SLA 3D printing allowed one-step production of MN arrays with tunable geometries.
  • Grooved MN arrays demonstrated excellent skin penetration, requiring only 2.2 N insertion force.
  • Grooved MN arrays exhibited enhanced drug loading capacity, releasing 4.8 μg over 2 hours.

Conclusions:

  • 3D-printed MN arrays offer a versatile platform for transdermal drug delivery.
  • Channel-structured, grooved MN arrays represent a promising advancement for high-performance drug delivery devices.