Combined Evaluation of FGF23, Klotho, Myostatin, IL-6, and IL-10 as Potential Biomarkers in Monitoring Stable Renal...

Background: This study investigates the levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), Klotho, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and myostatin (Mstn) in stable kidney transplant recipients undergoing triple immunosuppressive therapy. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) disrupts the balance of several key minerals and hormones, leading to complications such as vascular calcification and cardiac issues. We aim to identify potential biomarkers for monitoring kidney function post-transplantation and to understand the inflammatory response induced by renal transplantation. Methods: A total of 122 renal transplant patients on triple immunosuppression were included. Patients were categorized based on their calcineurin inhibitor usage and compared with 110 healthy individuals in the control group. Body mass index (BMI), serum FGF23, Klotho, IL-6, IL-10, Mstn, C-reactive protein, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, and albumin levels were analyzed. Results: The study reveals that FGF23, Klotho, and Mstn levels are significantly lower in transplant patients than in the control group, while IL-6 levels show no significant difference. A decrease in IL-10 levels is observed in transplant patients, suggesting a role in post-transplant inflammation. Additionally, a positive correlation is found between BMI and serum Mstn and Klotho levels, but no correlation with other measured parameters. Conclusions: The findings suggest that serum levels of FGF23, Klotho, and Mstn, along with IL-10, could serve as indicators of kidney function and inflammation in kidney transplant recipients, potentially guiding post-transplant care and management.