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Cerebrospinal Fluid MicroRNA Profiling Using Quantitative Real Time PCR

Cerebrospinal Fluid MicroRNA Profiling Using Quantitative Real Time PCR

Published on: January 22, 2014

Circulating microRNA Profiles in Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Evidence for Distinct Plasma Signatures Compared with

Jason-Alexander Hörauf¹, Miriam Saenger¹, Philipp Störmann¹

¹Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|November 27, 2025

Summary

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) show significant early changes after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). These plasma miRNA alterations may serve as biomarkers for SCI diagnosis and prognosis.

Keywords:

biomarkers miRNA neurotrauma polytrauma spinal cord injury

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Area of Science:

Biomarkers
Neuroscience
Genetics

Background:

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) causes significant disability and socioeconomic burden.
Secondary injury cascades, including apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation, exacerbate tissue damage after SCI.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of these post-transcriptional processes, but their role in human SCI is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize acute plasma miRNA expression patterns in traumatic SCI patients.
To identify SCI-specific miRNA signatures for potential diagnostic and prognostic use.
To explore the biological relevance of identified miRNAs in SCI pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

Plasma samples were collected from SCI patients and healthy controls (HCs) at admission and 48 hours post-injury.
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to profile plasma RNAs.
Differentially expressed miRNAs were validated using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in an expanded cohort.

Main Results:

At admission, 46 miRNAs were differentially expressed in SCI plasma (18 upregulated, 28 downregulated).
By 48 hours, a global downregulation of 47 miRNAs was observed in SCI patients compared to HCs.
Specific miRNAs (miR-182-5p, miR-190a-5p, miR-144-5p, miR-30c-5p) showed marked suppression in SCI patients.

Conclusions:

Acute SCI leads to early and profound alterations in circulating miRNA profiles.
Downregulated miRNAs may indicate maladaptive changes promoting neuroinflammation and hindering regeneration.
Circulating miRNAs show promise as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for SCI, requiring further validation.