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The Role of Cytokines in the Development and Functioning of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Mammals in

Vasilina M Ignatiuk1, Viktoria S Sharova1, Liudmila A Zakharova1

  • 1Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 26, 119334 Moscow, Russia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 27, 2025
PubMed

Keywords:
cytokine signalingcytokineshypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axismaternal immune activation (MIA)maternal stressperinatal programmingreproductive programming

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