Cardiometabolic Biomarkers and Cardiovascular Risk Stratification in Polish Military Personnel: A Chemometric...

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Laboratory Medicine
• Occupational Health

Background:

• Military populations face unique occupational exposures.
• Cardiovascular risk assessment in these groups requires specialized approaches.
• Laboratory medicine offers tools for evaluating cardiometabolic health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize cardiometabolic biomarker profiles in Polish military personnel across four distinct exposure groups.
• To identify group-specific biomarker signatures using chemometric analysis.
• To provide a foundation for tailored cardiovascular surveillance strategies in military settings.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional study of 392 military participants (336 men, 56 women).
• Analysis of 23 serum biomarkers including lipids, metabolic, hepatic, hormonal, and bone markers, plus lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).
• Application of Random Forest (RF) modeling and effect-size profiling for signature identification.

Main Results:

• Group 4 (extreme forces, radiation) showed systemic stress with elevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and calcium (Ca), and reduced parathyroid hormone (PTH) and beta-C-terminal telopeptide (β-CTX).
• Groups 2 (fuels/exhaust) and 3 (vibration/noise/radiation) exhibited atherogenic profiles with increased apolipoprotein B (apoB), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (N-HDL), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT).
• Group 1 (biological hazard) displayed elevated glucose (Glu) and triglycerides (TG) with decreased magnesium (Mg).

Conclusions:

• Distinct cardiometabolic biomarker profiles are associated with specific occupational exposures in military personnel.
• Chemometric analysis effectively identified group-specific health signatures.
• Findings support the need for tailored cardiovascular surveillance programs for military groups with different occupational hazards.